The ‘ls’ command is one which gets used quite frequently. The ‘ls’ command is used to display files. There are many ways for which you can display files; such as ls, ls -l , ls -a, ls a* and ls -lt.
ls (lists one file for each row)
root# ls file1 .file2
ls -l (lists a long output with file permissions, date and file size)
root# ls -l -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38473 Feb 22 2012 memcached-2.0.0b2.tgz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38473 Feb 22 2012 memcached-2.0.0b2.tgz.1
ls -a (lists all files including hidden files)
root# ls -a file1 .file2
ls -a (lists all files beginning with a)
root# ls a* afile .afile
ls -lt (lists all files with long output ordered by date desc)
root# ls -lt drwxr-x--- 15 root root 4096 Dec 24 22:28 ./ -rw------- 1 root root 17386 Dec 24 09:14 .bash_history
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